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Mechanics of Diabetes
Diabetes Lab eTraining Slide 15
- People with Diabetes use a method of 鈥渃arb-counting鈥� their food
- Carbohydrates have a large effect on blood sugar
- Insulin administration is based on how many carbohydrates are eaten
- Treatment of low blood sugar (hypoglycemia) also involves giving the person a form of carbohydrates
Insulin Storage
Diabetes Lab eTraining Slide 15
- Most opened vials can be left at room temperature (below 86 degrees Fahrenheit) for 30 days.
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Most opened pens or pen cartridges may be left at room temperature for less than 30 days
- Unopened vials should be stored in a refrigerator and are good until their expiration date.
Administering Glucagon
Diabetes Lab eTraining Slide 12
Obtain glucagon kit and gloves, then call 911.
Pumps
Diabetes Lab eTraining Slide 11
An insulin pump delivers one type of insulin and looks like a pager that can be attached to a belt, carried in a pocket, or held with a strap around the arm or thigh.
The pump connects to narrow plastic tubing that ends with a short plastic catheter inserted just under the skin in the abdomen, buttocks, or thigh.
Users set the pump to give a steady trickle or 鈥渂asal鈥� amount of insulin continuously throughout the day and 鈥渂olus鈥� doses at meals and at times when blood glucose is too high based on the user鈥檚 programming.
Bolus Insulin
Diabetes Lab eTraining Slide 8
- AKA 鈥渞apid-acting鈥� or 鈥渟hort acting鈥� and is generally what is administered at school
- Acts within 10-15 minutes
- Given for one of two reasons:
- When food is eaten
- Glucose level is too high and needs correcting
- Amount of insulin needed is based on the insulin to carbohydrate ratio
- When insulin has been given prior to a meal or snack, food should be eaten soon (beginning within 15 minutes)
Basal Insulin
Diabetes Lab eTraining Slide 7
- Also known as long acting or intermediate acting
- Delivered at home in the morning and/or evening, or throughout the day by insulin pump
- Controls the blood glucose in the fasting state, when you鈥檙e not eating
Meters
Diabetes Lab eTraining Slide 3
- Meters do not only display numbers.
- Some display 鈥淟o鈥� or 鈥淗i鈥� for out of range readings.
- Some of them also display specific 鈥渆rror codes鈥� that may indicate problems like an insufficient blood sample or that the temperature is out of range.You will need the meter manual to respond to these error codes.
- You can get information about a specific meter and test strips from several different sources.
- A copy of the manufacturer鈥檚 manual for the meter should be provided by